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Guide to Ib English Essays

Essay by   •  August 17, 2016  •  Study Guide  •  2,909 Words (12 Pages)  •  1,168 Views

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Objective of commentary:

 - Coherent, engaged, insightful close examination of passage/poem 

- Make salient comments on the deliberate craftsmanship of the writer

 - Discuss the literary effects achieved (what is used) 

- Explain how such effects are accomplished and how they contribute to the passage as a whole (how/ why it’s used) 

- Use language and writing style appropriate to essay 

- Appreciate the way in which language/structure/techniques/style/musicality (these are the stylistic/literary techniques = Body Paragraphs) shape the meaning/tone/themes/atmosphere (are often times interchangeable/intrinsically tied) of the passage

General Questions/Areas to Answer/Explore:

  •                 −  How does diction influence tone/atmosphere?  
  •                 −  How does the voice change the direction/feel of the passage?  
  •                 −  How is tone developed/established?  
  •                 −  How is atmosphere set/created/amplified?  
  •                 −  What are the key themes?  
  •                 −  How does author/poet develop the work/plot/theme/atmosphere/character by using a particular literary device?  
  •                 −  How do the literary devices help draw the piece together as a whole?  
  •                 −  WHY?  Introduction: - What is this about? - Immediate impressions + reference to progression of the text - What does the overall passage allude to? Cite the effective stylistic techniques employed and suggest what the author/poet’s intentions are  Body Paragraphs: Language/Sounds how do these affect tone/atmosphere/setting?  
  •                 −  Connotations? Denotations?  
  •                 −  Overall style – Simple? Decorated? Sarcastic? Formal?  
  •                 −  Deliberate uses of:  
  •  Irony/Contrast(Situational?Self-revealing?)
  • Alliteration
  • Repetition
  • Metaphors– similes, personification–though perhaps better to talk

about in imagery paragraph)

  • Understatement
  • Euphemism
  • Personification
  • Iambic Pentameter
  • Hyperbole
  • Rhythm
  • Oxymoron
  • Allusion
  • Assonance
  • Allegory
  • Stresses
  • Rhyme
  • Cacophony/Euphony
  • Onomatopoeia
  •                 −  How do they enhance rhythm/musicality?  
  •                 −  Are the sounds created harsh? Mellifluous? Guttural? How does that contribute  to the tone/atmosphere/setting?
  1.              -Voice/Chronology how is this established through diction?  
  •                 −  Internal/External conflict? Tension?  
  •                 −  Perspective – 1st/3rd? Limited? Omniscient?  
  •                 −  Role of the narrator – significance?  
  •                 −  How is tone developed?  
  •                 −  How does diction influence tone?  
  •                 −  Significance of deliberate voice/chronology?  Imagery what is its impact on themes/tone/atmosphere/setting?  
  •                 −  How are they created? For what purpose?  
  •                 −  Do they allude to anything else? Are they an allegory for something else?  
  •                 −  How do they contribute to the tone/themes?  Key words to describe imagery:  
  •                 −  What types of imagery? Visual? Auditory? Olfactory? Gustatory? Tactile?  
  •                 −  Are the images figurative? Abstract? Concrete? Repeated? Literal? Vivid?  Metaphorical? Subtle? Symbolic? Motifs?  
  •                 −  How is the characterization done? Are characters dynamic? Static? Round? Flat?  Manipulative? Sinister? Cynical? Conscientious? Direct/Indirect?  
  •                 −  What’s the impact of it? Aesthetic/Emotional/Sensual?  Structure/Syntax how does the author/poet use these tools to emphasize the progression of the passage? (poems more often than prose)  
  •                 −  Why is it structured in a particular way? Impact on pace? Why?  
  •                 −  Does this add to the flow?  
  •                 −  Does it emphasis a climax/change?  
  •                 −  Does it contribute to suspense? Create foreshadowing? Deja-vu?  
  •                 −  Completion/Incompletion of ideas – why?  
  •                 −  Is duality in meaning created?  
  •                 −  E.g. use of fragments/punctuation/enjambment/caesura/run-on  sentences/tempo  
  •                 −  How does this connect to the tone/atmosphere/themes?  Conclusion:  
  •                 −  Reiterate first impressions and how that relates/contrasts with the overall  passage’s themes/tone/atmosphere  
  •                 −  Emphasis on how author/poet uses stylistic techniques to encapsulate ___ using  
  •                 −  Piece is an artistic expression (in what way) that appeals to (certain) feelings  (etc.) that allows audience to ultimately (something)  
  •                 −  So what? (Persuasive element of the final intention/significance of the  achievement of this intention)  

[pic 1] 

Useful verbs/adjectives/phrases:

  •                 −  Appears to reflect  
  •                 −  Expresses  
  •                 −  Reiterates  
  •                 −  Begs emotions of ___  
  •                 −  Appeals to  
  •                 −  Lack of ___ sentiment creates  
  •                 −  Elegiac tone compounds a sense of ___ (melancholy?)  
  •                 −  Mood of ___  
  •                 −  Imprints  
  •                 −  Provides a profound expression  
  •                 −  (Emotion) transcends  
  •                 −  Indulges in deliberate ___  
  •                 −  Transmits thoughts of ___  
  •                 −  Slow, robotic  
  •                 −  Stark, forthright  
  •                 −  Supports  
  •                 −  Ambivalence, suspension  
  •                 −  Softer, euphemistic  
  •                 −  Refers to  
  •                 −  Reinforces an image of  
  •                 −  Illustrates  
  •                 −  Draws  
  •                 −  Develops  
  •                 −  Employs sounds  
  •                 −  Fricative sounds  
  •                 −  Harder, plosive sounds  
  •                 −  Feelings that the poem/poet culminates  
  •                 −  Powerfully captured  
  •                 −  Progressive structure  
  •                 −  Staccato agitation  
  •                 −  Exploitation of hard, alliterative sounds  
  •                 −  Aspires, moves [the reader], attempts  
  •                 −  Dominates  
  •                 −  Coincides  
  •                 −  Expands  
  •                 −  Shapes  
  •                 −  Envelops  
  •                 −  Insinuates  
  •                 −  Convey  
  •                 −  Impart  
  •                 −  Confident/hubristic quality  
  •                 −  Alludes  
  •                 −  Criticizes  
  •                 −  Alienates  
  •                 −  Evoke  
  •                 −  Allowing ___ to confront  
  •                 −  Artistic expression  
  •                 −  Encapsulates  

[pic 2] 

  •                 −  Inflated concept  
  •                 −  Intensifies  
  •                 −  Symbolizes  
  •                 −  Conveys  
  •                 −  Dehumanizes/ personifies by/in order to  
  •                 −  Animate/Inanimate qualities  
  •                 −  Imposes  
  •                 −  Posits  
  •                 −  Subtly hints that  
  •                 −  Insightfully depicts  
  •                 −  Undermined a sense of  
  •                 −  Questioning  
  •                 −  Implying  
  •                 −  ___is striking in its simplicity  
  •                 −  Reminisces  
  •                 −  Drags us back from illusion/into reality  
  •                 −  Parallels  
  •                 −  Represents  
  •                 −  Suggests  
  •                 −  Draws attention to  
  •                 −  Ingrained  
  •                 −  Effectiveness in maintaining a ___mood  
  •                 −  Utterance  
  •                 −  Myriad of feelings  

...

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