Whicis the Moh of the Following St Common Symptom of Myocardial Infarction?

11. Whicis the moh of the following st common symptom of myocardial infarction?

a. Chest pain 

b. Dyspnea

c. Edema

d. Palpitations 

The most common symptom of an MI is chest pain, resulting from deprivation of

oxyndm, related to an  mogen tst coo the heart. Dmmon sympytospnea is the seco

increase in the metabolic needs of the body. Edema is a later sign of  during an MI

heart failure, often seen after an MI. Palpitations may result from reduced cardiac

output, producing arrhythmias. 

12. Which of the following landmarks is the corect one for obtaining an apical pulse?

a. Left intercostal space, midaxillary line

b. Left fifth intercostal space, midclavicular line 

c. Left second intercostal space, midclavicular line

d. Left seventh intercostal space, midclavicular line

The correct landmarpulse is the left intercostal space in the  k for obtaining an apical

midclavicular line. This is the poiand the location of the left nt of maximum impulse

ventricular apecond intercostal space in the midclavicular line is where x. The left se

the pulmonic sounds are auscultated. Normally, heart sounds aren't heard in the

midaxillary line or the seventh intercostal space in the midclavicular line. 

13. Whicems is the most likely origin of pain the client describes h of the following syst

as knifelike chest pain that increases in intensity with inspiration?

a. Cardiac

b. Gastrointestinal

c. Musculoskeletal

d. Pulmonary

Pulmthese symptoms. Musculoskeletal pain only onary pain is generally described by

increase with movement. Cardi  ac and GI pains don't change with respiration.

14. A mintercostal space along the left sternal borurmur is heard at the second left  der.

Which valve area is this?

a. Aortic

b. Mitral

c. Pulmonic 

d. Tricuspid

Abnormalities of the pulmonic valve are auscultated at the second left intercostal space

along the left sternal borlve abnormalities are heard at the second der. Aortic va

intercostal space, to the right of the sternum. Mitral valve abnormalities are heard at

the fifth intercostal space in the midclavicular line. Tricuspid valve abnormalities are

heard at thurth intercostal spaces along the sternal bor  e third and fo der.

15. Which of the following blood tests is most indicative of cardiac damage?

a. Lactate dehydrogenase

b. Complete blood count

c. Trop  onin I

d. Creatine kinase

Troponin Iy and are detectable within 1 hour of myocar levels rise rapidldial injury.

Troponin Iople without carc injury. Lactate  levels aren't detectable in pedia

dehy tissues and not specific to heart muscle. drogenase is present in almost all body

LDH isoenzymes are useful in diagnosing cardiac injury. CBC is obtained to review

blood ctained to review electrolytes. Because CK ounts, and a complete chemistry is ob

levles may rise with skeletal muscle injury, CK isoenzymes are required to detect

cardiac injury. 

16. What is the priming morphine to a client with mary reason for admyocardial inister

infarction?

a. To sedate the client

b. To decrease the client's pain

c. To decrease the client's anxiety

d. To decrease oxygen dema  nd on the client's heart

Morphine is administered because it decreases myocardial oxyn demand. Morphine ge

will also decrease pain and anxiety while causing sedation, but isn't primarily given for

those reasons. 

17. Whicst commonly responsible for mh of the followng conditions is myocardial  o

infarction?

a. Aneurysm

b. Heart failure

c. Coronary artery thrombosis 

d. Renal failure

Coronary artery thrombosis ry, leading to myocardial  causes occlusion of the arte

death. An aneof a vessel and doesn't cauurysm is an outpouchinse an MI. Reng  al

failure can be associated with MI Heart failure is usually the  but isn't a direct cause.

result of an MI.

18. What supplem frequently ordered in cental monjuction wiedication is mth  ost

furosemide (Lasix)?

a. Chloride

b. Digoxin

c. Potassium

d. Sodium  

Sumide becpplemeanutal potse of the potassium losassium is given with furoses that

occurs as a result of this diuretic. Chloride and sodium aren’t loss during diuresis.

Digoxin acts to increase   contractility but isn’t given routinely with furosemide.

19. After myocardial infarction, serum glucose levels and free fatty acids are both

increase. What type of physiologic changes are these?

a. Electrophysiologic

b. Hematologic

c. Mechanical

d. Metabolic

Both glucose and fatty acids are metabolites whose levels increase after a myocardial

infarction. Mechanical changes are those that affect the pumping action of the heart,

and electro physiologic changes affect conduction. Hematologic changes would affect

the blood.

20. Which of the following complications is indicated by a third heart sound (S3)?

a. Ventricular dilation 

b. Systemic hypertension

c. Aortic valve malfunction

d. Increased atrial contractions  

Rapid filling of the ventricles caauscultated as S3. Increased uses vasodilation that is

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