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Title: Assessing Risk Factors for Obesity Between Childhood and Adolescence: I. Birth Weight, Childhood Adiposity, Parental Obesity, Insulin, and Leptin.

Subject Terms: INDIAN children; OBESITY in children

Source: Pediatrics, Aug2002 Part 1, Vol. 110 Issue 2, p299, 8p, 1 graph

Authors: Salbe, Arline D.; Weyer, Christian; Lindsay, Robert S.; Ravussin, Eric; Tataranni, P. Antonio

Abstract: ABSTRACT Objective. To assess the effects of body weight, body composition, parental obesity, and metabolic variables on the development of obesity in a large cohort of 5-year-old Native American children with a high propensity for obesity. Methods. During the summer months of 1992 to 1995 and again 5 years later, 138 (65 boys and 73 girls) 5-year-old Pima Indian children were studied. Height; weight; body composition; parental obesity; and fasting plasma insulin, glucose, and leptin concentrations were determined at baseline and follow-up. Linear regression models were used to assess the effect of the baseline variables on the development of obesity. Results. At both 5 and 10 years of age, Pima Indian children were heavier and fatter than an age- and gender-matched reference population. All anthropometric and metabolic variables tracked strongly from 5 to 10 years of age (r Ð'ÐŽÐ"Ñ" 0.70). The most significant determinant of percentage of body fat at 10 years of age was percentage of body fat at 5 years of age (RÐ'©Ð"* = 0.53). The combined effect of high maternal body mass index, elevated fasting plasma leptin concentrations, and low fasting plasma insulin concentrations at baseline explained an additional 4% of the total variance in adiposity at follow-up. Conclusions. Although parental obesity and metabolic variables such as insulinemia and leptinemia at baseline account for a small percentage of the variance in adiposity at follow-up, early childhood obesity is the dominant predictor of obesity 5 years later. These results suggest that strategies to prevent childhood obesity must be initiated at a very early age. Pediatrics 2002;110: childhood obesity, growth and development, parent-child relationship, overweight tracking, Pima Indians[ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accession Number: 7117835

ISSN: 0031-4005

Full Text Word Count: 7052

Persistent link to this record: http://search.epnet.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=hxh&an=7117835&loginpage=Login.asp&site=ehost&scope=site

Database: Health Source - Consumer Edition

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Assessing Risk Factors for Obesity Between Childhood and Adolescence: I. Birth Weight, Childhood Adiposity, Parental Obesity, Insulin, and Leptin

Contents

METHODS

Subjects

Anthropometry

Body Composition

Analytical Measurements

Statistical Methods

RESULTS

Cross-Sectional Analysis: Physical and Metabolic Characteristics at Baseline and Follow-up

Longitudinal Analysis: Tracking of Growth, Adiposity, and Metabolic Variables

Prospective Analysis

Multivariate Prediction Models

DISCUSSION

Cross-Sectional Findings

Tracking of Variables

Prospective Findings

Birth Weight

Parental Obesity

Metabolic Variables

CONCLUSION

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

TABLE 1. Physical and Metabolic Characteristics of Pima Indian Children at 5 and 10 Years of Age

TABLE 2. Correlations Between Anthropometric Characteristics and Risk Factors for Obesity at 5 and 10 Years of Age

TABLE 3. Predictive Effect of Baseline Risk Factors on Adiposity and Body Weight

TABLE 4. Stepwise Linear Regression Models Predicting Obesity in Children at Age 10 Years

AMBIVALENT EMPIRICISM

REFERENCES

ABSTRACT Objective. To assess the effects of body weight, body composition, parental obesity, and metabolic variables on the development of obesity in a large cohort of 5-year-old Native American children with a high propensity for obesity.

Methods. During the summer months of 1992 to 1995 and again 5 years later, 138 (65 boys and 73 girls) 5-year-old Pima Indian children were studied. Height; weight; body composition; parental obesity; and fasting plasma insulin, glucose, and leptin concentrations were determined at baseline and follow-up. Linear regression models were used to assess the effect of the baseline variables on the development of obesity.

Results. At both 5 and 10 years of age, Pima Indian children were heavier and fatter than an age- and gender-matched reference population. All anthropometric and metabolic variables tracked strongly from 5 to 10 years of age (r Ð'ÐŽÐ"Ñ" 0.70). The most significant determinant of percentage of body fat at 10

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