Darfur Genocide Annotated Bibliographies

Darfur Genocide Annotated Bibliographies

Andrews, Tom. "Darfur - Save Darfur." Save Darfur Darfur Comments. United to End Genocide, n.d. Web. 25 Feb. 2016.

Summary:

February 26, 2003 is known as the date that the Darfur genocide began. Darfuri rebels decided to stand up to the government for the marginalization against black ethnic groups , in response the Khartoum government armed the Janjaweed by enacting and implementing policies of ethnic cleansing against all indigenous Africans in Darfur starting a genocide. In December 2003 the first press release from The U.S. State Department Press states that approximately “600,000 civilians were displaced internally, 75,000 refugees fled to Chad, and over 3,000 unarmed civilians were murdered.” In 2004  the African Union authorizes a force the make peace by using up to 7,000 troops but that wasn’t enough to stop the violence. On September 2004 United Nations established an International Commission of Inquiry for Darfur. On March 31, 2005 the United Nations allows the International Criminal Court to prosecute people accused of committing war crimes in Darfur. On May 5, 2006 the Darfur Peace Agreement was signed by Sudanese government and Sudan Liberation Army, however the agreement ignores the crucial factors with the Justice and Equality Movement, which still leaves darfur in the depths of the violating attacks. The Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court files for the arrest of Bashir  (president) with charges of genocide, crimes against humanity, and war crimes in Darfur. Due to the attacks a new country in Africa was formed known as South Sudan but the violence still continues to this day.

Assess:

SaveDarfur.org is an organization that is ran by United to End Genocide, which is the largest organiaztion in American dedicated to preventing and ending genocides and other mass murders that occur around the world. The President of this company is Tom Andrews who is a former congressman from Maine; he also the national director of Win Without War, senior advisor to the National Democratic Institute for International Affairs. He is also a long time advocate for democracy and human rights in Burma. The people that write and run this website have a huge interest in promoting human rights and are advocating for equality in the world.

Reflect:

This website included elements I need for my Darfur genocide research paper. More Specifically this will help me write the paragraphs about how the genocide was systematic and help me answer the question of how many people died. The website demonstrate precise statistics for the amount of the population that was effected, killed, and displaced; UN estimates that more than 3.2 million people in Darfur (out of a total population of roughly 7.5 million), 3 million people have been displaced within Darfur, with an estimated 263,000 refugees living across the border in Chad.

"Darfur Conflict." Darfur Conflict. Thomson Reuters Foundation, 31 July 2014. Web. 29 Feb. 2016.

Summary:

Having over two million people being displaced and over hundreds of thousands of people being murdered, the Darfur genocide is known as one of the world’s worst  Humanitarian crises by The United Nations. The levels of violence had fallen in 2005 but have since risen since 2013 affecting another chunk of the population. The conflict in Western Sudan began when two rebel groups went against the government for them succeeding in neglecting them and the issues many people had to withstand. The Sudanese was repugnatated by this and armed an Arab militias known as the Janjaweeds. In March 2009, the International Criminal Court (ICC) issued an arrest warrant for Sudanese President Omar Hassan al-Bashir for war crimes and crimes against humanity in Darfur; soon after that the government expelled 13 international agencies, including three from Darfur. The attacks were nonstop but escalated in 2010 when tens of thousands civilians had to flee their homes into Darfur neighbor Chad. The Janjaweed come from Arabic-speaking pastoralist communities, which herd camels in northern Darfur and cattle in southern Darfur, while the groups they attacked were mostly African farmers who have strong ties to Chad’s camel herders. Due to these attacks Darfur lacks in social services and infrastructures such as lack of roads, schools, and water resources. The major treaty they signed was the  Doha Document for Peace in Darfur but the violence still exists as group still are cleansing villages in Sudan.

Assess:

This article is continuously updated because the timeline has the most recent events and has a copyright of 2016. This source cites all of the sources it has been using from organizations online and books published based off of humanitarian crisis. This website is run by the Thomson Reuters Foundation: this website is a charity registered in England and Wales. The goal of this company is to inform, connect, and empower people by promoting socio-economic progress.

Reflect:

This website included elements that can contribute to almost every part in my Darfur genocide research paper. This timeline it provides with the statistics gives me a bigger picture of how many people were affected especially the groups targeted known as the  Fur, Zaghawa and Massaleit tribes. It also gives an insight on how the rivalry began due to the Frequent tribal clashes over access to land, conflicts between pastoralists and farming communities.

James, Adams, and Don Cheadle. "Genocide in the Darfur Region of Sudan." Genocide in the Darfur Region of Sudan. Nodus Solutions, 2016. Web. 24 Feb. 2016

Summary:

“Genocide in the Darfur Region in Sudan (2004-present)” gives detailed information on how two groups of muslims went against each other. In 2003 rebel groups who were going after the same benefits attacked a government outpost to stand up for what they believed in. The government reacted with crushing brutality towards the region of Darfur but specifically helped one group in that region attack the other. In Darfur it is predominantly muslim but had two main separate groups that are divided by tribal and ethnic differences, African muslims and Arab muslims. The Sudanese government armed arab militias, known as the Janjaweed to attack the different ethnic groups in Sudan. The government would attack them by using airplanes and the Janjaweed forces would ignite fires, poison wells, systematically raped women, killed over 400,000,