Sport/activity Based Analysis

Sport/Activity

Based Skills Analysis

Part A: Introduction

Fosbury Flop

Richard Douglas Fosbury, who was born in Portland, Oregon, first started experimenting with a new high jump technique at age 16, while attending Medford High School. His hight of 1.93m trumped his ability to maximize his potential to continue using the previous straddle method or the one existing alternative, the upright scissors method. He therefore was unable to go beyond his personal best of 1.80m. Therefore knowing that in order to make further progress would have to try something else. In 1963, at age 16 Fosbury had begun to put the new back-first technique into practice, this involved sprinting diagonally towards the bear, then curves and leap backwards over the bar. After making the US team for the Olympic Games in Mexico City (1968), thanks to a jump of 2.21m. His previous unseen back-technique allowed him to clear the bar right up to 2.22 m. He then went on to clear 2.24m on his third attempt setting s are Olympic record. In fall of 1968, Fosbury’s innovation style was now embraced as the accepted standard, allowing high jumpers to break the 2.40m barrier. Fosbury name is now practiced by high jumpers around the world as the Fosbury Flop. Before the Fosbury Flop the jumper had to apply enough force to lift their centre of mass a few inches in order to clear the bar. With the Fosbury flop the jumper can apply the same amount of force allowing them to raise their body much higher than before meaning he can raise the bar so high that his centre of mass cant go any higher his arching body can. The Richards Fosbury Flop was a great leap forward and backwards

Biomechanic Analysis

Analysis - Stability

Needed during launch, so the body position and centre of mass are appropriate for achievement of maximum distance

Is needed during flight to keep centre of gravity in the correct position, above the legs

Jumpers will need to keep centre of gravity low

The lower the centre of gravity equals less energy needed to jump successfully over the bar

Is needed during the run-up phase to have the correct setup for the force producing phase

Lower centre of mass means a larger base of support

Closer to the centre of mass is the base of support allowing increased stability

Maximum Effort - Maximum Force

To produce enough force to push off allowing the jump, all possible joints must contribute

Joints involved are the knees, ankles, hips, elbow, and shoulders

All these joints must be used to obtain velocity and height

Knees, ankles, and hips directly push into the ground while elbows and shoulders help to propel the body further

Maximum force produced by the athlete at the beginning of take off helps with the carry through, this too will impact distance traveled and height of the jump

Maximum Effort - Maximum Velocity

To produce enough velocity during take off, joints must be used from largest to smallest

Order of joint use, hips, knees, ankles

Arms are use to propel the body with a greater speed

Larger joins (slower) begin movement when proceeding joint has reached its peak speed

Linear Motion - Impulse

Joints (knees, ankles, hips, shoulders) undergo a larger range of motion during the maximum force production

Created force produced while running at a 30-40 degree angle before take off

Greater force during take off allows an increased velocity during the jump

Jumper with sink on the last stride, increasing velocity during jump giving time during take off as their legs straighten, helps to push upwards

Linear Motion - Reaction

Movement occurs in the opposite direction of the applied force

At the end of the run-up, during the take off phase, the take off leg or leading leg pushed down off the ground

In the reaction: the ground pushed up on the body through take off leg with an equal force

Angular Motion - Torque

Torque is applied when athletes rotate their entire body during the Flop

Athletes

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